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electrical:12v:deep_cycle_battery [2019/03/07 17:31] frater_secessus [LiFePO4] |
electrical:12v:deep_cycle_battery [2020/05/10 17:49] frater_secessus [carbon FLA] |
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- | Common setpoints (check your manufacturer' | + | Common |
* charge [[electrical: | * charge [[electrical: | ||
* Vfloat 13.2v when not deeply cycled; | * Vfloat 13.2v when not deeply cycled; | ||
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In the milder form, carbon is added to the negative plates. | In the milder form, carbon is added to the negative plates. | ||
+ | ===== manufacturers ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | > Each manufacturer also has their own in-house brand, e.g. Delco for Johnson Controls and Deka for East Penn. Exide and US Battery use their corporate name for their battery brand as well. Trojan sells under the Trojan, Trillium, Reliant and Ranger brand names and Concorde sells under the Concorde and Lifeline brand names.... [Interstate is a label, not a manufacturer]... | ||
===== VRLA ===== | ===== VRLA ===== | ||
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Having said that, if one is aware of the limitations of the battery it can play a role in the campervan, particularly as a " | Having said that, if one is aware of the limitations of the battery it can play a role in the campervan, particularly as a " | ||
- | **Pro**: | + | **Pro**: |
**Con**: Significantly less capacity than a real deep cycle bank; a group 27 wally world battery has about 1/2 the Ah capacity. | **Con**: Significantly less capacity than a real deep cycle bank; a group 27 wally world battery has about 1/2 the Ah capacity. | ||
===== lithium chemistries ===== | ===== lithium chemistries ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Lithium battery banks are lighter and have higher energy density than lead-acid batteries. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Lithium banks come in three main forms: | ||
+ | * " | ||
+ | * DIY banks, often " | ||
+ | * manufactured complete banks that do not mimic the physical shape of lead batteries | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== BMS ==== | ||
+ | Because of the very high energy density and sensitivity to temperature and voltage extremes, most Li banks are equipped with a Battery Management System (BMS) which monitors and controls the bank and the cells in it. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Depending on the BMS, features may include: | ||
+ | * protection from overcharging individual cells | ||
+ | * "top balancing" | ||
+ | * protection from over-discharge | ||
+ | * protection from excess current in charging and/or discharging | ||
+ | * prevention of charging when temps are too low((typically freezing or below)) | ||
+ | |||
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==== LiFePO4 ==== | ==== LiFePO4 ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[https:// | ||
+ | In theory **LifePO4 (LFP) lithium batteries** should be near perfect for boondockers who [[camping: | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[https:// | ||
- | In theory **LifePO4 lithium batteries** should be near perfect for boondockers who [[camping: | ||
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* can be damaged by heat | * can be damaged by heat | ||
- | For best life (and to decrease the likelihood of cell imbalance) Charge to 13.8v and disconnect voltage at 12.6v.((http:// | + | BMS-equipped LFP banks should be charged according to manufacturer' |
+ | |||
+ | |||
- | The batteries can be charged with either a [[electrical: | ||
- | Technomadia charge to 14.2v, use a minimal " | ||
Further reading: | Further reading: | ||
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* CF [[http:// | * CF [[http:// | ||
* CF [[http:// | * CF [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
==== Non-LiFePO4 lithium-ion ==== | ==== Non-LiFePO4 lithium-ion ==== | ||
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- | There are hobbyists who build 4S packs and undercharge the cells to only 3.7v. This gives an operating range of 14.8v - 12v, a much better fit for nominal 12v systems. The downside is this configuration only uses 58% of the cells' capacity and will require more cells to achieve the same amount of Ah. | + | There are hobbyists who build **4S packs** and undercharge the cells to only 3.7v. This gives an operating range of 14.8v - 12v, a much better fit for nominal 12v systems. The downside is this configuration only uses 58% of the cells' capacity and will require more cells to achieve the same amount of Ah. |
**7S builds** make a decent **24v bank**. | **7S builds** make a decent **24v bank**. | ||
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**Con:** | **Con:** | ||
* overcharging or physical damage can cause a runaway condition (ie fire) | * overcharging or physical damage can cause a runaway condition (ie fire) | ||
- | * voltage mismatch | + | * voltage mismatch |