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electrical:solar:series_vs_parallel [2020/05/04 10:32] frater_secessus [Series] |
electrical:solar:series_vs_parallel [2024/03/09 11:00] frater_secessus [further reading] marine |
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====== Series and Parallel solar arrays ====== | ====== Series and Parallel solar arrays ====== | ||
- | In general, parallel arrays of nominal 12v [[electrical: | + | ===== TL;DR ===== |
+ | |||
+ | * With [[electrical: | ||
+ | * [[electrical: | ||
+ | * //generally speaking//, parallel panels will perform better in [[electrical: | ||
+ | * as with other [[electrical: | ||
+ | * series arrays can reduce capital costs in some circumstances | ||
+ | * series/ | ||
+ | * 2 panels in parallel would be 2P1S | ||
+ | * 2 panels in series would be 1P2S | ||
+ | * 4 panels in series-parallel would be 2P2S | ||
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* more efficient than parallel when **mixing PV of same Imp but different Vmp**((https:// | * more efficient than parallel when **mixing PV of same Imp but different Vmp**((https:// | ||
* slightly better than parallel when **mixing PV of different Imp //and// Vmp**((https:// | * slightly better than parallel when **mixing PV of different Imp //and// Vmp**((https:// | ||
+ | * higher voltages can help overcome minimum delta requirements to get the MPPT algo running (Victron controllers, | ||
* CON | * CON | ||
* series arrays can generate quite **high operating voltages**. | * series arrays can generate quite **high operating voltages**. | ||
* **requires MPPT charger** to get full use of high-voltage arrays under normal conditions. | * **requires MPPT charger** to get full use of high-voltage arrays under normal conditions. | ||
* thin film panels are generally not recommended for use in serial arrays | * thin film panels are generally not recommended for use in serial arrays | ||
- | * **more susceptible to partial shading** | + | * short serial strings are **more susceptible to partial shading** |
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===== Series-Parallel ===== | ===== Series-Parallel ===== | ||
+ | Consider this scenario: | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | * 4 panels | ||
+ | * 150w | ||
+ | * Vmp == 19v | ||
+ | * Voc == 22.8 | ||
+ | * Imp == 7.9A | ||
+ | * MPPT controller with 60v maximum input voltage | ||
+ | |||
+ | A fully-series configuration ([[electrical: | ||
+ | |||
+ | A fully-parallel configuration (4p1s) would require 3x 2-into-1 MC4 adapters or 1x 4-into-1 adapter. | ||
+ | |||
+ | A compromise might be series-parallel array (2p2s) with 45.6Voc and ~16A. This would require 1x 2-into-1 MC4 adapter to combine the two serial strings. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== further reading ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[https:// | ||