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electrical:batterycide [2020/07/08 12:25]
frater_secessus |
electrical:batterycide [2020/07/21 12:42]
frater_secessus [murdering flooded lead-acid] |
| Flooded lead-acid (FLA) batteries are the most resillient to mistreatment but they too can be killed. | Flooded lead-acid (FLA) batteries are the most resillient to mistreatment but they too can be killed. |
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| * leaving them at [[electrical:12v:psoc|partial state of charge]], resulting in //irreversible// sulfation((AKA "hard" sulfation. The battery undergoes "soft" sulfation and desulfation during normal charging/discharging.)) | * leaving them at [[electrical:12v:psoc|partial state of charge]], resulting in //irreversible// sulfation((AKA "hard" sulfation. The battery undergoes "soft" sulfation and desulfation during normal charging/discharging.)) Fully charging each day is optimal. Fully charging //almost// every day is acceptable. |
| * not charging soon enough; fully charging each day is best. | * not charging at [[electrical:solar:charge_controller_setpoints|manufacturer-recommended Absorption voltage]] (Vabs) to reverse normally-occurring ("soft") sulfation. This is most commonly caused by [[electrical:12v:alternator|isolator-only]] charging since the house bank is being charged at ((or slightly below)) alternator voltage. \\ Less commonly, [[electrical:solar|Solar]]-only charging can cause this problem if the [[electrical:solar:sizing|battery capacity is too great for the solar output]].((http://support.rollsbattery.com/support/solutions/articles/5964-battery-sulfation)) |
| * not charging fully; they need a [[electrical:12v:charging#absorption_stage|long Absorption stage]] at [[electrical:solar:charge_controller_setpoints|manufacturer-recommended voltage]] to reverse normally-occurring ("soft") sulfation.((http://support.rollsbattery.com/support/solutions/articles/5964-battery-sulfation)) \\ [[electrical:generator#charging_batteries|Generator-]] or [[electrical:12v:alternator|isolator-only]] charging can cause this unless the generator runs the necessary number of hours it takes to complete Absorption. \\ Less commonly, [[electrical:solar|Solar]]-only charging can cause this problem if the [[electrical:solar:sizing|battery capacity is too great for the solar output]]. | * not holding Vabs for sufficient duration so that absorption current drops to manufacturer-recommended levels. [[electrical:generator#charging_batteries|Generator-]] or [[electrical:12v:b2b|DC-DC charging]] can cause this unless the charger runs the necessary number of hours it takes to complete Absorption. |
| * discharging too deeply. Maximum discharge is typically limited to 50% [[electrical:depth_of_discharge|depth of discharge]]. | * discharging too deeply. Maximum discharge is typically limited to 50% [[electrical:depth_of_discharge|depth of discharge]]. |
| * allowing the cells to get low on distilled water. Check them 1x/month or so until you learn their personality. | * allowing the cells to get low on distilled water. Check them 1x/month or so until you learn their personality. |
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| * overvoltage. [[electrical:12v:lifepo4_batteries_thread|13.8v is a safe upper limit]] and will charge the bank completely. Some experienced folk use slightly higher voltages for faster charging but it must be terminated quickly as the bank approaches 100% state of charge. | * overvoltage. [[electrical:12v:lifepo4_batteries_thread|13.8v is a safe upper limit]] without BMS and will charge the bank completely. Some experienced folk use slightly higher voltages for faster charging but it must be terminated quickly as the bank approaches 100% state of charge. Exception: Lithium banks with BMS typically overcharge intentionally to balance cells. The overcharge is consumed by resistors and does not actually go into the cell. |
| * long periods of 100% state of charge; cease all charging at 100% and only charge that high if you know some loads will be applied immediately. Lithium chemistries do not care about partial state of charge so use that to your advantage. | * long periods of 100% state of charge; cease all charging at 100% and only charge that high if you know some loads will be applied immediately. Lithium chemistries do not care about partial state of charge so use that to your advantage. |
| * exposure to high heat | * exposure to high heat |
