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Solar charge controller, converter, and DC-DC charging behavior is guided by setpoints, or configured values stored internally. They may or may not be configurable by the user.
Charging setpoints are configured in accordance with the battery manufacturer's recommendations. These are often found in manuals and spec sheets. For example, Trojan's recommendations for charging their T-105 AGM batteries looks like this:
Simpler charge controllers only have preconfigured presets like “FLOODED” or “AGM” and don't let you set exact setpoints. If this is the case pick the closest preset to the recommendations1) and understand you will likely not get full performance or lifetime from the battery bank.
Less common setpoints:
Only present on controllers with LOAD outputs.