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water:start [2020/03/16 15:31]
frater_secessus [potable water] 		water:start [2020/03/18 14:25]
frater_secessus [disinfecting non-potable water for drinking] removed heavy metals - could not confirm
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   * 1-micron filters will filter protozoa like giardia spores and Cryptosporidium out of clear water.((https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/envsan/sdwtravel.pdf))  These may be labeled NSF/ANSI Standard 53.((https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/crypto/gen_info/filters.html))   * 1-micron filters will filter protozoa like giardia spores and Cryptosporidium out of clear water.((https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/envsan/sdwtravel.pdf))  These may be labeled NSF/ANSI Standard 53.((https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/crypto/gen_info/filters.html))
-  * 0.2-micron filtration can remove heavy metals from clear water.((https://worldwaterreserve.com/potable-water/purification/how-to-purify-water-for-drinking/#Filtration)).   
   * 0.1-micron will filter all waterborne enteric bacteria from clear water   * 0.1-micron will filter all waterborne enteric bacteria from clear water
   * Consumer-grade filtration will not remove viruses because of their tiny size.    * Consumer-grade filtration will not remove viruses because of their tiny size. 
  
 The CDC points out the difference between nominal and absolute((or "mean")) micron ratings:  "The absolute 1 micron filter will more consistently remove Cryptosporidium than a nominal filter."((https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/crypto/gen_info/filters.html)) The CDC points out the difference between nominal and absolute((or "mean")) micron ratings:  "The absolute 1 micron filter will more consistently remove Cryptosporidium than a nominal filter."((https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/crypto/gen_info/filters.html))
 +
 +== fabric filtration ==
 +
 +Note that filtration through layered fabric is much better than nothing.  In India, for example, researchers found:
 +
 +> a filter made of four layers of worn cotton material held back more than 99 percent of all cholera bacteria - using more layers or newer cloth slowed water collection too much.((https://www.fic.nih.gov/News/GlobalHealthMatters/january-february-2015/Pages/nursing-cholera-sari-water-filter.aspx))
 +
 +Both saris and coffee filters have about a 20-micron pore size:
 +
 +> Typically coffee filters are made up of filaments approximately 20 micrometres wide, which allow particles through that are less than approximately 10 to 15 micrometres((https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_filter))
 +
 +The best we should assume for with such //ad hoc// filtration is a pathogen //reduction//.  Combination with SODIS (below) might be useful.
 +
  
 === SODIS === === SODIS ===
water/start.txt ยท Last modified: 2023/08/07 11:27 by mahkato

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