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water:start [2020/03/18 14:25] frater_secessus [disinfecting non-potable water for drinking] removed heavy metals - could not confirm |
water:start [2021/06/17 20:31] frater_secessus [disinfecting non-potable water for drinking] |
Typical times at temperature: | Typical times at temperature: |
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* 212F (boiling at sea level) - 0 minutes | * 212F (100C, boiling at sea level) - 0 minutes |
* 158F - 10 minutes to kill giardia (only takes 1 minute for everything else) | * 158F (70C) - 1 minute. |
* 140F - as long as practical to decrease pathogen load | * 145F (63C) - 30 minutes to achieve pasteurization.((https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/pasteurization-methods-temperatures-d_1642.html)) |
| * 130F (55C) - 10 minutes to kill giardia((https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/giardia-factsheet.pdf)) |
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Chemical treatments require no power making them especially useful offgrid. Treated water can be run through a charcoal filter (Brita) after treatment to improve flavor. Pouring treated water energetically from container to container may allow chemicals to outgas. | Chemical treatments require no power making them especially useful offgrid. Treated water can be run through a charcoal filter (Brita) after treatment to improve flavor. Pouring treated water energetically from container to container may allow chemicals to outgas. |
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The most famous treatment is **chlorine bleach**. For these purposes, unscented cheap bleach is better than $$$ bleach with additives. It is used at 8 drops/gallon of 6% bleach (6 drops of 8.25% bleach((https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/emergency-disinfection-drinking-water)) and then wait 30 minutes.((https://worldwaterreserve.com/potable-water/purification/how-to-purify-water-for-drinking/#Disinfection_with_ChlorineBleach)) Note that bleach purfication does not reliably kill Cryptosporidium. Increasing wait time to 45mins will kill norovirus and giardia. | The most famous treatment is **chlorine bleach**. For these purposes, unscented cheap bleach is better than $$$ bleach with additives. It is used at 8 drops/gallon of 6% bleach (6 drops of 8.25% bleach((https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/emergency-disinfection-drinking-water)) and then wait 30 minutes.((https://worldwaterreserve.com/potable-water/purification/how-to-purify-water-for-drinking/#Disinfection_with_ChlorineBleach)) A 5-gallon bucket would take 1/2 teaspoon of normal bleach. |
| Note that bleach purfication does not reliably kill Cryptosporidium. Increasing wait time to 45mins will kill norovirus and giardia. |
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Bleach is cheapest by the laundry bottle but is also [[https://amzn.to/2U9SF34|available as tablets]]. An [[https://amzn.to/2WpfPF8|eye dropper bottle]] will store and dispense l1quid bleach accurately. | Bleach is cheapest by the laundry bottle but is also [[https://amzn.to/2U9SF34|available as tablets]]. An [[https://amzn.to/2WpfPF8|eye dropper bottle]] will store and dispense l1quid bleach accurately. |