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food:cooking:stoves [2021/07/03 13:58]
frater_secessus [electric stoves] |
food:cooking:stoves [2024/08/06 17:18] (current)
frater_secessus [resistance vs induction comparision] added small units |
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| See [[https://decideoutside.com/camping-stove-fuels-explained-and-ranked/|this comparison]] that includes liquid fuels. | See [[https://decideoutside.com/camping-stove-fuels-explained-and-ranked/|this comparison]] that includes liquid fuels. |
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| | **Electric** stovetops, either traditional resistive or induction, have become popular because of the "clean and shiny" look and how pretty they are on Instagram. However cooking with electricity is realistically only possible with shore power, or for those who have spent //tens of thousands// of dollars on their[[electrical:12v:intro| house electrical system]]. |
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| There are other, sometimes more exotic fuels often used used by backpackers who watch their grams. | There are other, sometimes more exotic fuels often used used by backpackers who watch their grams. |
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| There are also [[https://amzn.to/3kkFSWE|ultralight stoves for isobutane]]((typically 80% isobutane / 20% propane for low temp performance)) containers, but the fuel is expensive so they are most often used only by hikers and backpackers for whom light weight is more important than fuel cost. [[https://amzn.to/3oUi7Zu|Lindal valve adapters]] can be used to run isobutane burners on propane or butane. | There are also [[https://amzn.to/3kkFSWE|ultralight stoves for isobutane]]((typically 80% isobutane / 20% propane for low temp performance)) containers, but the fuel is expensive so they are most often used only by hikers and backpackers for whom light weight is more important than fuel cost. [[https://amzn.to/3oUi7Zu|Lindal valve adapters]] can be used to run isobutane burners on propane or butane. |
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| Related: [[https://thenextchallenge.org/guide-camping-gas-canisters/|guide to gaseous fuel connectors]] | Related: [[https://thenextchallenge.org/guide-camping-gas-canisters/|guide to gaseous fuel connectors]] |
| ==== liquid fuel ==== | |
| | For people who need to conserve space and who mainly use stoves to boil water, a [[https://amzn.to/2V8Odpq|JetBoil system]] makes efficient use of isobutane. |
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| | ==== pressurized liquid fuel ==== |
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| Liquid fuel pressure stoves do not burn liquid fuel directly; **they //gasify// (atomize) the liquid fuel into a vapor** that the stove can burn efficiently. Gasification occurs in a //gas generator//, which is a portion of the fuel delivery tube that pass near or through the burner's flames. The liquid fuel hisses as it vaporizes in the generator. | Liquid fuel pressure stoves do not burn liquid fuel directly; **they //gasify// (atomize) the liquid fuel into a vapor** that the stove can burn efficiently. Gasification occurs in a //gas generator//, which is a portion of the fuel delivery tube that pass near or through the burner's flames. The liquid fuel hisses as it vaporizes in the generator. |
| //Suitcase// stoves have two or more burners and are shaped like a suitcase.((durrr)). Because of their large size they are uncommon in the vandwelling world. | //Suitcase// stoves have two or more burners and are shaped like a suitcase.((durrr)). Because of their large size they are uncommon in the vandwelling world. |
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| ==== electric stoves ==== | ==== alcohol ==== |
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| | Alcohol stoves are found in open, low-pressure, and high-pressure configurations -- the latter is rare except for marine applications. |
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| | Low pressure stoves may be: |
| | * freestanding (no pot needed to seal the top); or |
| | * pot-sealed, where the cooking pot must be in place for jet formation. |
| | In all cases it takes a minute or so for pressure (and therefore jets) to form |
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| | [[https://amzn.to/38FaQTM|{{https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/41d9tYSe2BL._AC_UL320_ML3_.jpg?100 }}]]The most common commercial alcohol stove is the [[https://amzn.to/38FaQTM|Trangia]] type: a freestanding, low pressure, double-walled stove that holds about an ounce of fuel. |
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| | The simplest hiking stove is [[https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=penny+stove|a "penny" alcohol stove]], so called because in some variants a penny is used to cover the fill holes. |
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| | ==== solid fuel ==== |
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| | === sterno === |
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| | Sterno is a jellied alcohol fuel. It is rarely used in vandwelling because of the cost and because the flames are nearly invisible. |
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| | === hexamine === |
| | [[https://amzn.to/3hfujSd|{{ https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/71RIkk1j2CL._AC_UY218_.jpg?125}}]] |
| | Hexamine bars or tablets ([[https://amzn.to/3hfujSd|esbit]], military surplus) are very expensive by the BTU produced (and relatively sooty-burning) but are lightweight and stable. They make great additions to day packs and emergency bags. |
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| | ==== tin can stove ==== |
| | The simplest stove is a [[http://www.practicalsurvivor.com/hobostove|cut-out tin can]], often called a "twig" or "hobo" stove. |
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| | Pro: |
| | * free, craftable from found objects |
| | * free fuel when available and legal (ie, no burn bans) |
| | * refuelable during operation |
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| | Con: |
| | * bulky |
| | * sooty |
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| | ==== rocket stoves ==== |
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| | [[https://amzn.to/32RTj96|{{ https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/41osrOeyI-L._SY90_.jpg}}]] [[https://amzn.to/2vDRUqI|Rocket (gasifying) stoves]] are more efficient than traditional stoves. Small portable versions exist for the camping market. |
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| | >...rocket stoves used 18 to 35 percent less fuel compared to the traditional stoves and reduced fuel used 39-47 percent compared to the simple traditional open three-stone fire, as well as a large reduction in emissions.((https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_stove)) |
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| | In real world terms this means less smoke and more heat for a given amount of fuel. The camping versions also run quite well on small "scrap" fallen wood like bark freagments, twigs, chunks of partially burned wood, etc. |
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| | ===== electric stoves ===== |
| [[http://amzn.to/2ong7cK|{{ https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/41ffr0xXvFL._AC_US160_.jpg}}]][[http://amzn.to/2ong7cK|Electric stovetops]] are generally used by folks who use campsites with [[electrical:shore_power|electric hookups]], although [[electrical:generator|generator]] or big [[electrical:solar|solar]] setups with lithium banks are sometimes used. | [[http://amzn.to/2ong7cK|{{ https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/41ffr0xXvFL._AC_US160_.jpg}}]][[http://amzn.to/2ong7cK|Electric stovetops]] are generally used by folks who use campsites with [[electrical:shore_power|electric hookups]], although [[electrical:generator|generator]] or big [[electrical:solar|solar]] setups with lithium banks are sometimes used. |
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| Resistance and induction cooking both use 1000-2000w watts of power to run each "burner" although [[http://amzn.to/2owQKr9|the induction unit]] will be ~12% more efficient.((https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_cooking#Efficiency)) | ==== resistance vs induction comparision ==== |
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| | | ^ resistance ^ induction ^ |
| | | price | less expensive | more expensive | |
| | | inverter requirement | MSW or PSW | PSW only | |
| | | efficiency | 75-80% | 85% | |
| | | temperature control | on/off thermostat. Heat output can be adjusted [[electrical:triac|with a triac]]. | on/off thermostat. Some models have variable power (see below) | |
| | | cookware | any | induction-compatible only. If it strongly attracts a magnet it will work with induction. | |
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| | Resistance and induction cooking both use 1000-2000w watts of power to run each "burner" although [[http://amzn.to/2owQKr9|the induction unit]] will be 5-10% more efficient.((https://www.energystar.gov/partner_resources/products_partner_resources/brand-owner/eta-consumers/res-induction-cooking-tops)) |
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| | === metrics for induction cookers with variable power === |
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| Although power is generally ON/OFF at full blast with temperature controlled by varying the duty cycle, some induction units seem to use regulated amounts of power: | Although power is generally ON/OFF at full blast with temperature controlled by varying the duty cycle, some induction units seem to use regulated amounts of power. Of special note is [[https://amzn.to/3J9pYv8|the Nuwave Pic]] that allows manual choice of 600w, 900w, or the default 1,300w. |
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| [[https://amzn.to/35lutBo|Max Burton 6400 Digital Choice Induction Cooktop 1800 Watts]]((John H. Meyer review)) | [[https://amzn.to/35lutBo|Max Burton 6400 Digital Choice Induction Cooktop 1800 Watts]]((John H. Meyer review)) |
| - Max/Sear = 650deg drew about 1680 watts. | - Max/Sear = 650deg drew about 1680 watts. |
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| ==== alcohol ==== | === lower-wattage induction cooktops for portable use === |
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| Alcohol stoves are found in open, low-pressure, and high-pressure configurations -- the latter is rare except for marine applications. | Most of these are sized for pots with flat 4"-6" bottoms. |
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| Low pressure stoves may be: | * 700w-200w "in six steps"((presumably 700w/600w/500w/400w/300w/200w)) - [[https://amzn.to/4dvi26h|GastroGear]]. 6 temperature settings (176°F-266°F) |
| * freestanding (no pot needed to seal the top); or | * 500w/300w/250w - [[https://amzn.to/4danICZ|JOZOOES]]. No temperature control. |
| * pot-sealed, where the cooking pot must be in place for jet formation. | * 500w/400w/300w/200w/100w - [[https://amzn.to/3WTBBQw|Abangdun (square)]]. No temperature control. |
| In all cases it takes a minute or so for pressure (and therefore jets) to form | * 500w/400w/300w/200w/100w [[https://amzn.to/3LUtfSd|Abangdun (round)]]. As above in different form factor and touch/slide controls. |
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| [[https://amzn.to/38FaQTM|{{https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/41d9tYSe2BL._AC_UL320_ML3_.jpg?100 }}]]The most common commercial alcohol stove is the [[https://amzn.to/38FaQTM|Trangia]] type: a freestanding, low pressure, double-walled stove that holds about an ounce of fuel. | |
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| The simplest hiking stove is a "penny" alcolhol stove, so called because in some variants a penny is used to cover the fill holes. | |
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| ==== sterno ==== | |
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| ==== solid fuel ==== | |
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| hexamine FIXME | |
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| ==== tin can stove ==== | |
| The simplest stove is a [[http://www.practicalsurvivor.com/hobostove|cut-out tin can]], often called a "twig" or "hobo" stove. | |
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| Pro: | |
| * free, craftable from found objects | |
| * free fuel when available and legal (ie, no burn bans) | |
| * refuelable during operation | |
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| Con: | |
| * bulky | |
| * sooty | |
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| ==== rocket stoves ==== | |
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| [[https://amzn.to/32RTj96|{{ https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/41osrOeyI-L._SY90_.jpg}}]] [[https://amzn.to/2vDRUqI|Rocket (gasifying) stoves]] are more efficient than traditional stoves. Small portable versions exist for the camping market. | |
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| >...rocket stoves used 18 to 35 percent less fuel compared to the traditional stoves and reduced fuel used 39-47 percent compared to the simple traditional open three-stone fire, as well as a large reduction in emissions.((https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_stove)) | |
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| In real world terms this means less smoke and more heat for a given amount of fuel. The camping versions also run quite well on small "scrap" fallen wood like bark freagments, twigs, chunks of partially burned wood, etc. | |
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| * check food at the minimum cook time to see if it's already done, or is done enough it can be removed from heat | * check food at the minimum cook time to see if it's already done, or is done enough it can be removed from heat |
| * reduce heat as much as possible when maintaining simmers | * reduce heat as much as possible when maintaining simmers |
| | * reduce ingredient thickness (smaller slices, thinner pastas like angel hair) |
| * use windbreaks to keep heat focused on the pot | * use windbreaks to keep heat focused on the pot |
| * use a pot wide enough to take the whole flame; flames that go up the side of the pot are not performing useful work. Note: excessively wide pans can overheat the fuel tank of sportster-style stoves (above). | * use a pot wide enough to take the whole flame; flames that go up the side of the pot are not performing useful work. Note: excessively wide pans can overheat the fuel tank of sportster-style stoves (above). |
| * use cold "cooking" techniques like cold brew coffee and refrigerator oatmeal | * use cold "cooking" techniques like cold brew coffee and refrigerator oatmeal |
| * use cook-and-coast cooking methods like [[food:cooking:cookware#thermos|thermos cooking]] or "coasting" to cook hard boiled eggs | * use cook-and-coast cooking methods like [[food:cooking:cookware#thermos|thermos cooking]] or "coasting" to cook hard boiled eggs |
| * use electric cooking if [[electrical:shore_power|shore power]] is available or if you have [[electrical:solar:nonessential|excess power]] you have made | * use electric cooking if [[electrical:shore_power|shore power]] is available or if you have [[electrical:solar:nonessential|excess power]] you have made off-grid |
| * boil only the amount of water you will need in the near future | * boil only the amount of water you will need in the near future |
| * preheat water and [[food:cooking:cookware|cookware]] by leaving receptacles in the sun | * preheat water and [[food:cooking:cookware|cookware]] by leaving receptacles in the sun |
| * if cooking with organic fuels like firewood, use a [[https://amzn.to/32b9DSn|"rocket"]]-type gasifier or other efficient stove | * if cooking with organic fuels like firewood, use a [[https://amzn.to/32b9DSn|"rocket"]]-type gasifier or other efficient stove |
| * maintain fuel stoves if it does not burn with a clear blue flame | * maintain fuel stoves if it does not burn with a clear blue flame |
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| | ===== further reading ===== |
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| | * [[https://www.reddit.com/r/Backpackingstoves/comments/rilefi/alcohol_vs_gas_vs_jetboil_weight_analysis_on/|Alcohol VS gas VS Jetboil: weight analysis on multi-day hikes]] |
