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--- electrical:12v:deep_cycle_battery [2022/10/04 19:27]
frater_secessus [Gel cell]
+++ electrical:12v:deep_cycle_battery [2024/04/15 01:00] (current)
frater_secessus [Chain Store Batteries]
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 **Note: This article assumes useage of 12v lead chemistries.** If you're using Lithium, this information is not as applicable.  Please see the [[electrical:12v:drop-in_lifepo4|Drop-in Lithium batteries]] article, or for the more industrious the [[electrical:12v:lifepo4_batteries_thread|Lithium Battery DIY thread]] page
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+===== specs =====
+  * Ah (Amp-hours) - the rated [[electrical:12v:battery_capacity|capacity]] of the battery. The basic concept is that a 100Ah battery could theoretically deliver 10A for 10 hours (10A x 10h = 100Ah).  In practice deep cycle batteries are not drained to 0%, and the rate of discharge can affect the apparent capacity.
+  * Wh (Watt-hours) - like Ah above, only multiplied by the nominal voltage.
+    * 100Ah of lead is 1200Wh (100Ah x 12.0v).
+    * 100Ah of LiFePO4 is 1280Wh (100Ah x 12.8v)
+  * cycles - the number of times the battery can be charged and discharged before being considered End Of Life.((EoL is typically considered the point where the battery can no longer produce 80% of its rated output)).    Cycles are usually calculated using a particular [[electrical:12v:battery_capacity|C rate]] and [[electrical:depth_of_discharge|depth of discharge]].
+    * Lead is typically rated at the 1/20th the current as Ah (5A for a 100Ah battery) down to 50% DoD.
+    * LiFePO4 is typically rated at the 1/5th the current as Ah (20A for a 100Ah battery) down to 80% DoD.
+    * both maximum and recommended charge/discharge currents are given [[electrical:12v:battery_capacity|in C]] or Amps.
 ===== Popular Deep-Cycle Lead batteries =====
@@ Line 155: / Line 167: @@
+=== watering FLA ===
+  - check to ensure plates are at least //covered// with liquid
+  - charge fully
+  - check water level again, adding to fill mark
+This order is important because the electrolyte expands a bit as it charges, so filling completely //then// charging could result in spillage and loss of acid.
 ==== VRLA - Valve Regulated Lead Acid ====
@@ Line 186: / Line 204: @@
     * no outgassing under normal conditions
   * CON
-    * generally **double the cost** of FLA for about 20% less capacity((http://www.trojanbattery.com/Tech-Support/FAQ/BatterySelection.aspx))
+    * generally **double the cost** of FLA for similar capacity((http://www.trojanbattery.com/Tech-Support/FAQ/BatterySelection.aspx))
     * Premium AGM need **much more charging current** than flooded, and it may be more than solar-only setups can provide.((http://www.cheaprvliving.com/forums/Thread-How-much-of-an-issue-is-battery-off-gassing?pid=144704#pid144704)) The charging rate given by Lifeline, a respected AGM manufacturer, is //at least// C/5((20A per 100Ah of battery capacity)) or battery life will be affected. They also say it is ok to charge up to 5C((500A per 100Ah of battery capacity!)) (!).((http://lifelinebatteries.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/manual.pdf))  Odyssey specifies C/2.5 charging rates for their batteries.((40A per 100Ah of battery capacity))((http://www.odysseybattery.com/documents/ODYSSEY_Battery_Reconditioning_Charge_Procedure.pdf))
     * even cheap AGM require more current than flooded:  minimum C/5, max C/3.(20A-33A per 100Ah of battery capacity).
@@ Line 262: / Line 280: @@
 Further reading:  [[https://marinehowto.com/what-is-a-deep-cycle-battery/|this page]] with further explanation and teardowns to show the difference between deep cycle and "deep cycle" batteries.
-----
+==== Telco backup batteries ====
+Telcos and other companies that need battery backup rotate their AGM batteries out regularly;  these find their way onto the used market on pallets for relatively low prices.
+These backup batteries are not meant to cycle, vandweller style.  They are designed to live on Float forever then suddently dump their power when grid power goes down.
+Can you make them work for you?  Maybe, but people who can squeeze some use out of them already know what they are doing.

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