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electrical:12v:alternator [2024/08/10 11:00]
frater_secessus [solid state isolator: diode-based] removed redundant language about tricking the reg |
electrical:12v:alternator [2024/12/21 11:47] (current)
frater_secessus [lithium-specific VSR] |
| An interesting teardown of the Li-BIM can be seen in [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFd9Uulo9rY|this video]]. | An interesting teardown of the Li-BIM can be seen in [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFd9Uulo9rY|this video]]. |
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| | === True Amalgamated Lithium VSR === |
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| | True [[https://www.trueam.com/product/true-lithium-large-dual-battery-kit/|makes a VSR]] with 13.5v ON and 13.2v OFF setpoints. |
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| * Solar charging while the isolator circuit is closed (ie, batteries connected) can pass higher-than-normal voltage to the chassis and starter battery. Workaround: see notes on HVD and DC-DC charging below. | * Solar charging while the isolator circuit is closed (ie, batteries connected) can pass higher-than-normal voltage to the chassis and starter battery. Workaround: see notes on HVD and DC-DC charging below. |
| * LiFePO4 resting voltages are high enough they may hold the circuit closed on VSRs designed for lead chemistries. Workaround: [[electrical:12v:alternator#disabling_alternator_charging|disable alternator charging]] (at least momentarily) after driving or install DC-DC. Or just let it work that way. | * LiFePO4 resting voltages are high enough they may hold the circuit closed on VSRs designed for lead chemistries. Workarounds: |
| | * [[electrical:12v:alternator#disabling_alternator_charging|disable alternator charging]] (at least momentarily) after driving |
| | * use a relay [[electrical:12v:alternator#triggering|triggered by D+]] |
| | * use a relay like [[#li-bim|the Li-Bim]] with setpoints designed for LFP |
| | * install a voltage sensing switch to control the relay, set more appropriately for LFP's resting voltage |
| | * install [[electrical:12v:b2b|DC-DC]]. |
| * Voltage-sensing relays can be unintentionally triggered((dVSR)) or "held closed"((both VSR and dVSR)) [[http://bdp.mousetrap.net/index.php/2018/10/27/side-effect-of-solar-alternator-charging/|by voltage from the solar-charged side]] in some scenarios. Workaround: address with HVD as below if desired, or with a [[electrical:12v:b2b|DC-DC charger]], or by adding a switch to disable the VSR.((a momentary-off switch would kill the connection, although an ON/OFF switch might be useful for other purposes)) | * Voltage-sensing relays can be unintentionally triggered((dVSR)) or "held closed"((both VSR and dVSR)) [[http://bdp.mousetrap.net/index.php/2018/10/27/side-effect-of-solar-alternator-charging/|by voltage from the solar-charged side]] in some scenarios. Workaround: address with HVD as below if desired, or with a [[electrical:12v:b2b|DC-DC charger]], or by adding a switch to disable the VSR.((a momentary-off switch would kill the connection, although an ON/OFF switch might be useful for other purposes)) |
| * On ignition-triggered((IGN, D+)) setups **if the key is turned to ACC but the engine not started a depleted house battery can pull down the starter battery**. Workarounds: use a VSR, a DC delay timer, a DC-DC charger, or start the vehicle immediately after inserting the key((ie, do not leave in the Accessory position which would drain the starter battery)). | * On ignition-triggered((IGN, D+)) setups **if the key is turned to ACC but the engine not started a depleted house battery can pull down the starter battery**. Workarounds: use a VSR, a DC delay timer, a DC-DC charger, or start the vehicle immediately after inserting the key((ie, do not leave in the Accessory position which would drain the starter battery)). |
| * VSR triggered by voltage can can be disabled by a switch on the thin ground wire on the VSR itself.((the VSR requires a ground to make a complete circuit to run internal electronics. Breaking this circuit turns off the VSR)) | * VSR triggered by voltage can can be disabled by a switch on the thin ground wire on the VSR itself.((the VSR requires a ground to make a complete circuit to run internal electronics. Breaking this circuit turns off the VSR)) |
| * some DC-DC can be //derated//((output intentionally reduced)) by providing a 12v signal to the CURRENT LIMIT terminal ([[electrical:12v:b2b#renogy1|Renogy DC1212 series]], [[electrical:12v:b2b#leaptrend|Leaptrend]]) or through a setting in an app (Renogy DCC50S). | * some DC-DC can be //derated//((output intentionally reduced)) by providing a 12v signal to the CURRENT LIMIT terminal ([[electrical:12v:b2b#renogy1|Renogy DC1212 series]], [[electrical:12v:b2b#leaptrend|Leaptrend]]) or through a setting in an app (Renogy DCC50S). |
| * some DC-DC can be //disabled// by providing a 12v signal to a remote ON/OFF terminal ([[electrical:12v:b2b#victron|Victron Orion-TR]]), Kisae. | * some DC-DC can be //disabled// by providing a 12v signal to a remote ON/OFF terminal ([[electrical:12v:b2b#victron|Victron Orion-TR]]), [[electrical:12v:b2b#disabling_the_kisae|Kisae]]. |
| * on units that have a dedicated NEG ("ground", negative return) to the starter battery there may be no easy disable method. The brute force method would be to insert a relay between the starter battery POS and the unit's POS input, and control the relay with a switch. | * on units that have a dedicated NEG ("ground", negative return) to the starter battery there may be no easy disable method. The brute force method would be to insert a relay between the starter battery POS and the unit's POS input, and control the relay with a switch. |
| * bluetooth-enabled DC-DC can often be disabled or derated from the app | * bluetooth-enabled DC-DC can often be disabled or derated from the app |
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| - use of an ON/OFF 12v trigger signal ("D+", "IGN", "ACC"). When the 12v signal is present the charging circuit is operational. Caveat: in this kind of setup leaving the key in the ACC position without starting the engine can drain the starter battery. | - use of an ON/OFF 12v trigger signal ("D+", "IGN", "ACC"). When the 12v signal is present the charging circuit is operational. Caveat: in this kind of setup leaving the key in the ACC position without starting the engine can drain the starter battery. |
| - voltage-sensing - 12v is always being provided to the charger. The batteries are connected when the chassis voltage is above a voltage setpoint (often ≥13.4v) and disconnected when the chassis side measures below a setpoing (often ≤13.2v). | - voltage-sensing - 12v is always being provided to the charger. The batteries are connected when the chassis voltage is above a voltage setpoint (often ≥13.4v) and disconnected when the chassis side measures below a setpoint (often ≤13.2v). |
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| In some cases both are combined for particular installs. Ex. smart alternators. | In some cases both voltage-sensing and D+ trigger are combined to work with the odd voltages that smart alternator equipped vehicles can present. |
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| A simple possible approach would be to [[electrical:solar:shallow_cycling|replace the starter battery with a marine or AGM battery]].((http://www.cheaprvliving.com/forums/Thread-Easiest-simplest-cheapest-power-set-up)) | A simple possible approach would be to [[electrical:solar:shallow_cycling|replace the starter battery with a marine or AGM battery]].((http://www.cheaprvliving.com/forums/Thread-Easiest-simplest-cheapest-power-set-up)) |
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| ===== charging trailer batteries ===== | ===== charging remote batteries ===== |
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| | ==== truck beds ==== |
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| | If the bed does not have sufficient ground connectivity to run the NEG return through the body, then you can either: |
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| | * add an additional and/or beefier ground strap between bed and frame; or |
| | * run a dedicated NEG return from the bank back to the starter batt, frame, etc. |
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| | ==== trailers ==== |
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| Some amount of power can be passed along the 7pin harness, usually enough to //maintain// the trailer battery's voltage and run small loads. For the purposes of this discussion [[https://www.etrailer.com/faq-wiring-7-way.aspx|the important wires]] in the 7-pin are: | Some amount of power can be passed along the 7pin harness, usually enough to //maintain// the trailer battery's voltage and run small loads. For the purposes of this discussion [[https://www.etrailer.com/faq-wiring-7-way.aspx|the important wires]] in the 7-pin are: |
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| * 120vac 300w [[food:cooking:excess_power#ac_inverter|rice cooker]] running on 500w MSW inverter, (~330w total after inefficiencies). | * 120vac 300w [[food:cooking:excess_power#ac_inverter|rice cooker]] running on 500w MSW inverter, (~330w total after inefficiencies). |
| * 120vac 300w wall charger for your [[lifestyle:faq_solar_generator|solar generator]] running on a 400w PSW inverter. | * 120vac 300w wall charger for your [[lifestyle:faq_solar_generator|solar generator]] running on a 400w inverter. |
| * if you have a stout enough alternator, a 120vac 700w instant pot running off an inverter. | * if you have a stout enough alternator, a 120vac 700w instant pot running off an inverter. |
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